Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): The Gray Area Between Aging and Dementia

Mild Cognitive ImpairmentYou notice your aging loved one seems off recently. They struggle to remember important dates and have trouble with names or finding the right word. And why are the keys in the fridge…again? Although they are going about their daily life, something isn’t normal. As we age, changes occur in all parts of the body, including the brain. Yet, at times such changes are more severe than “just” normal aging. In some cases, these symptoms could be caused by something called Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

What is MCI?

Mild Cognitive Impairment is the middle ground between the normal cognitive changes of aging and more severe conditions like dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.

“Mild Cognitive Impairment causes slight but noticeable and measurable decline in cognitive abilities, including memory and thinking skills but does not affect the individual’s ability to carry out normal everyday activities.” – Alzheimer’s Association

According to the Alzheimer’s Association,  15%-20% of people aged 65 and older have MCI, yet, more than 80% of Americans know little or are not familiar with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).” With such a gap in awareness and MCI’s subtle symptoms, it’s no wonder that it’s widely misdiagnosed in people 65 and older.

Warning Signs

  • Feeling overwhelmed by decision-making or planning activities
  • Missing appointments or important events
  • Forgetting words or feeling like the words are on the tip of your tongue (aphasia)
  • Losing your sense of direction, having a hard time navigating around familiar places
  • Having difficulty understanding complex instructions
  • Also common: depression, irritability, anxiety, and apathy

Causes and Risk Factors

It’s important to know that not all Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) progresses to Alzheimer’s or other dementias.  Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) can stem from a variety of causes. Some people with MCI may remain stable or even improve over time, and some may never develop dementia at all.

Common Risk Factors:

  • Age
  • Family history of Alzheimer’s or another dementia
  • Conditions that elevate the risk of cardiovascular disease, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol
  • Engaging in unhealthy activities like smoking, lack of physical exercise, social isolation, and lack of mental stimulation
  • Presence of depression

Connecting the dots between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease (Dementia)

Alzheimer’s Disease is the leading cause of dementia. While MCI is seen as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia, not everyone with MCI will develop it. Research indicates that individuals with MCI have a higher chance of getting Alzheimer’s Disease, but it’s not guaranteed.

What’s Next

If you or a loved one is showing signs of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or experiencing cognitive related issues, it is important to discuss these symptoms with a healthcare provider. Your doctor can conduct medical evaluations to determine if the memory issues are related to a treatable condition or if they may be indicative of MCI.

Managing Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

There is no specific treatment for MCI. However, there are lifestyle changes that can help manage cognitive changes and promote brain health:

  • Engaging in mentally stimulating activities
  • Maintaining a daily routine
  • Utilizing memory aids like calendars and notes
  • Keeping objects in consistent locations
  • Learning new skills, volunteering, and socializing
  • Prioritizing sleep and exercise
  • Eating well and moderating alcohol consumption
  • Managing stress and depression

By staying informed and proactive, you can help manage MCI and support your loved one’s cognitive health. Contact Loretta at Simplify Senior Living today to see how our team can help manage you or your loved one manage MCI.